{"id":25235,"date":"2024-10-03T11:12:31","date_gmt":"2024-10-03T11:12:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/tecnologia\/espana-tendra-su-propio-reactor-de-fusion-nuclear\/"},"modified":"2024-10-03T11:12:31","modified_gmt":"2024-10-03T11:12:31","slug":"espana-tendra-su-propio-reactor-de-fusion-nuclear","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/?p=25235","title":{"rendered":"Espa\u00f1a tendr\u00e1 su propio reactor de fusi\u00f3n nuclear"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p><strong>Espa\u00f1a tendr\u00e1 su propio reactor de fusi\u00f3n nuclear<\/strong> durante la pr\u00f3xima d\u00e9cada. Investigadores del Laboratorio de F\u00edsica del Plasma de Princeton (PPL) est\u00e1n colaborando con la <strong>Universidad de Sevilla<\/strong> en el dise\u00f1o de un nuevo dispositivo de fusi\u00f3n. Conocido como proyecto SMART, el objetivo final es desarrollar un reactor con dise\u00f1o \u00fanico que explora dos tecnolog\u00edas para ofrecer una soluci\u00f3n energ\u00e9tica sostenible.<\/p>\n<p>El <strong>SMART (SMall Aspect Ratio Tokamak)<\/strong> es un reactor que tiene como objetivo lograr la fusi\u00f3n nuclear controlada. De acuerdo con un comunicado de prensa, los investigadores han desarrollado una m\u00e1quina tokamak esf\u00e9rica que explorar\u00e1 escenarios de plasma de triangularidad positiva y triangularidad negativa con una relaci\u00f3n de aspecto baja.<\/p>\n<p>Manuel Garc\u00eda-Mu\u00f1oz, profesor del Departamento de F\u00edsica At\u00f3mica, Molecular y Nuclear de la Universidad de Sevilla, mencion\u00f3 que<strong> la triangularidad negativa ofrecer\u00eda un mejor rendimiento<\/strong>, puesto que pude suprimir inestabilidades que da\u00f1an la pared del reactor.<\/p>\n<p>Seg\u00fan los investigadores del PPL, el SMART es el primer tokamak esf\u00e9rico que<strong> explorar\u00e1 el potencial de la triangularidad negativa<\/strong>. La elecci\u00f3n de este dise\u00f1o no ha sido al azar. Seg\u00fan los cient\u00edficos, la forma esf\u00e9rica facilitar\u00eda el confinamiento del plasma y permitir\u00eda una mejor gesti\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p>\u00abEs un cambio de juego potencial con un atractivo rendimiento de fusi\u00f3n y manejo de energ\u00eda para futuros reactores de fusi\u00f3n compactos\u00bb, dijo Garc\u00eda-Mu\u00f1oz. \u00abLa triangularidad negativa tiene <strong>un nivel m\u00e1s bajo de fluctuaciones dentro del plasma<\/strong>, pero tambi\u00e9n tiene un \u00e1rea de desv\u00edo m\u00e1s grande para distribuir el escape de calor\u00bb, a\u00f1adi\u00f3.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\">\n<p><figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video controls=\"\" muted=\"\" class=\"perfmatters-lazy\" data-src=\"https:\/\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Plasma_Testing.mp4\"\/><noscript><video controls=\"\" muted=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Plasma_Testing.mp4\"\/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Una prueba del tokamak SMART efectuada por la Universidad de Sevilla<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Tabla de Contenido<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Alternar tabla de contenidos\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/?p=25235\/#El_reactor_de_fusion_nuclear_de_Espana_un_proyecto_a_largo_plazo\" >El reactor de fusi\u00f3n nuclear de Espa\u00f1a, un proyecto a largo plazo<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/?p=25235\/#Una_ventana_al_futuro\" >Una ventana al futuro<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-el-reactor-de-fusion-nuclear-de-espana-un-proyecto-a-largo-plazo\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"El_reactor_de_fusion_nuclear_de_Espana_un_proyecto_a_largo_plazo\"><\/span>El reactor de fusi\u00f3n nuclear de Espa\u00f1a, un proyecto a largo plazo<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>El proyecto SMART es un enfoque diferente a los experimentos de fusi\u00f3n. La nueva estructura del tokamak<strong> podr\u00eda suprimir las inestabilidades del plasma<\/strong>, las cuales causar\u00edan p\u00e9rdida de energ\u00eda y da\u00f1os en la pared.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"scaip scaip-1    \">\n<aside id=\"newspack-ads-widget-52\" class=\"widget_newspack-ads-widget clearfix\"\/>\n<aside id=\"block-140\" class=\"widget_block clearfix\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-white-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-normal-font-size wp-elements-8b59c1c3ac741e322c38063c7fe76880\" style=\"background:linear-gradient(171deg,rgb(238,0,0) 0%,rgb(125,23,220) 100%)\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\" id=\"h-no-te-quedes-atras\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Una_ventana_al_futuro\"><\/span>Una ventana al futuro<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Inf\u00f3rmate cada ma\u00f1ana con nuestra <a href=\"https:\/\/hipertextual.con\/newsletter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">newsletter<\/a>, descubre lo m\u00e1s importante de la tecnolog\u00eda, la ciencia, series de TV y pel\u00edculas.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<aside id=\"block-123\" class=\"widget_block clearfix\"\/><\/aside>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u00abLa forma es muy importante en t\u00e9rminos de confinamiento. Es por eso que NSTX-U, el principal experimento de fusi\u00f3n de PPPL, no es rechoncho como otros tokamaks\u00bb, mencion\u00f3 el Laboratorio de F\u00edsica del Plasma de Princeton en <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pppl.gov\/news\/2024\/new-and-unique-fusion-reactor-comes-together-pppls-contributions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">un comunicado de prensa<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>El siguiente paso es<strong> investigar los m\u00e9todos de diagn\u00f3stico <\/strong>para rastrear las condiciones del plasma. Investigadores de la Universidad de Princeton dise\u00f1an <a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.aip.org\/aip\/rsi\/article-abstract\/95\/9\/093508\/3311136\/Design-of-a-Thomson-scattering-diagnostic-for-the?redirectedFrom=fulltext\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">diagn\u00f3sticos de dispersi\u00f3n Thomson<\/a>, los cuales<strong> medir\u00e1n la temperatura y densidad de los electrones del plasma <\/strong>durante las reacciones de fusi\u00f3n. A estos se suman otros m\u00e9todos desarrollados por la Universidad de Sevilla, que miden temperatura, rotaci\u00f3n y densidad de iones, as\u00ed como un diagn\u00f3stico de rayos X blandos de energ\u00eda m\u00faltiple (ME-SXR) y espectr\u00f3metros.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"547\" alt=\"Reactor ITER de fusi\u00f3n nuclear\" class=\"wp-image-1814582 perfmatters-lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-1500x1052.jpg?resize=780%2C547&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=1500%2C1052&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C561&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C539&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C1077&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1436&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C841&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C718&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=1568%2C1099&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1568w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=2000%2C1402&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C280&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?w=2340&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2340w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-1500x1052.jpg?w=370&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 370w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\"\/><img loading=\"lazy\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"547\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-1500x1052.jpg?resize=780%2C547&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Reactor ITER de fusi\u00f3n nuclear\" class=\"wp-image-1814582\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=1500%2C1052&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C561&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C539&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C1077&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1436&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C841&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C718&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=1568%2C1099&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1568w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=2000%2C1402&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C280&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-scaled.jpg?w=2340&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2340w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/reactor-iter-1500x1052.jpg?w=370&amp;quality=70&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Reactor ITER.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Actualmente, <a href=\"https:\/\/hipertextual.com\/2015\/08\/fusion-nuclear\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">los reactores de fusi\u00f3n nuclear se encuentran en una fase experimental<\/a>. La tecnolog\u00eda est\u00e1 en desarrollo y se han logrado experimentos exitosos, como con el ITER (Reactor Experimental Termonuclear Internacional), un tokamak con c\u00e1mara capaz de calentar el deuterio y tritio a m\u00e1s de 100 millones de grados Celsius. Pese a ello, <strong>no se ha logrado construir un reactor de fusi\u00f3n que genere m\u00e1s energ\u00eda de la que consume <\/strong>de manera sostenible.<\/p>\n<p>El proyecto SMART est\u00e1 conformado en su mayor\u00eda por estudiantes j\u00f3venes de la Universidad de Sevilla. Aunque ya se han efectuado pruebas preliminares, los investigadores espa\u00f1oles esperan llevar a cabo<strong> un test avanzado del tokamak durante el \u00faltimo trimestre de 2024<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/hipertextual.com\/2024\/10\/espana-tendra-su-propio-reactor-de-fusion-nuclear\" class=\" target=\" title=\"Espa\u00f1a tendr\u00e1 su propio reactor de fusi\u00f3n nuclear\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ver fuente<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Espa\u00f1a tendr\u00e1 su propio reactor de fusi\u00f3n nuclear durante la pr\u00f3xima d\u00e9cada. Investigadores del Laboratorio de F\u00edsica del Plasma de Princeton (PPL) est\u00e1n colaborando con la Universidad de Sevilla en el dise\u00f1o de un nuevo dispositivo de fusi\u00f3n. Conocido como proyecto SMART, el objetivo final es desarrollar un reactor con dise\u00f1o \u00fanico que explora dos [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25236,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25235","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tecnologia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25235","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25235"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25235\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/25236"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25235"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25235"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25235"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}