{"id":9747,"date":"2024-07-04T06:45:30","date_gmt":"2024-07-04T06:45:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/tecnologia\/china-usa-una-red-clandestina-para-comprar-chips-de-ia-de-nvidia\/"},"modified":"2024-07-04T06:45:30","modified_gmt":"2024-07-04T06:45:30","slug":"china-usa-una-red-clandestina-para-comprar-chips-de-ia-de-nvidia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/?p=9747","title":{"rendered":"China usa una red clandestina para comprar chips de IA de NVIDIA"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p><strong>Estados Unidos<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/hipertextual.com\/2022\/09\/eeuu-restringe-venta-chips-inteligencia-artificial-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">le ha prohibido<\/a> a <strong>NVIDIA<\/strong> vender sus chips de IA a <strong>China<\/strong> bajo el argumento de que podr\u00eda usarlos para fines militares. El bloqueo rige desde 2022 y no afecta solo al gigante verde, sino tambi\u00e9n a AMD y otras firmas del sector. Pero como los de Jensen Huang son los l\u00edderes indiscutidos en el desarrollo de hardware especializado para labores de inteligencia artificial, sus componentes son los m\u00e1s codiciados y los principales afectados por esta orden.<\/p>\n<p>Sin embargo, China ha encontrado m\u00e9todos \u00abalternativos\u00bb para proveerse de los preciados chips de IA de NVIDIA. Uno de ellos implica el uso de <strong>una red clandestina<\/strong> que se est\u00e1 encargando de enviar miles de GPU \u2014y hasta servidores armados\u2014 al gigante asi\u00e1tico, escapando de la prohibici\u00f3n y sin despertar sospechas.<\/p>\n<p>As\u00ed lo revela una investigaci\u00f3n de <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/tech\/the-underground-network-sneaking-nvidia-chips-into-china-f733aaa6?st=eqbkzl5sv7e1iqp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The Wall Street Journal<\/a><\/em>, que expone c\u00f3mo funciona este mecanismo. De acuerdo con el citado medio, existen <strong>al menos 70 distribuidores<\/strong> que prometen llevar los chips m\u00e1s avanzados de NVIDIA hacia China, y con solo unas pocas semanas de espera para las entregas.<\/p>\n<p>La clave de esta historia es que los participantes de esta red clandestina no mueven grandes cantidades del hardware de la compa\u00f1\u00eda estadounidense. Los distribuidores involucrados disponen de inventario para entregar docenas de componentes al mes. Esto les permite <strong>mantener un perfil bajo<\/strong> y no despertar sospechas.<\/p>\n<p>Pese a no movilizar entregas gigantescas, el negocio se presenta <strong>bastante lucrativo<\/strong>. En China, los revendedores del hardware de NVIDIA cobran unos 22.500 d\u00f3lares por un chip A100, cuyo precio normal ronda los 10.000 d\u00f3lares. Por el m\u00e1s poderoso H100, en tanto, piden 32.400 d\u00f3lares, contra su precio regular de 25.000 d\u00f3lares. Incluso se menciona el contrabando de servidores con hasta 8 GPU de NVIDIA por cifras superiores a los 300.000 d\u00f3lares.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_81 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Tabla de Contenido<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Alternar tabla de contenidos\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/?p=9747\/#Una_red_clandestina_lleva_los_chips_de_IA_de_NVIDIA_a_China\" >Una red clandestina lleva los chips de IA de NVIDIA a China<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/?p=9747\/#De_donde_sale_el_hardware\" >De d\u00f3nde sale el hardware<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/?p=9747\/#China_en_la_busqueda_de_alternativas_a_los_chips_de_IA_de_NVIDIA\" >China, en la b\u00fasqueda de alternativas a los chips de IA de NVIDIA<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/?p=9747\/#Tambien_en_Hipertextual\" >Tambi\u00e9n en Hipertextual:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-una-red-clandestina-lleva-los-chips-de-ia-de-nvidia-a-china\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Una_red_clandestina_lleva_los_chips_de_IA_de_NVIDIA_a_China\"><\/span>Una red clandestina lleva los chips de IA de NVIDIA a China<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"438\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1800971 perfmatters-lazy\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-1500x843.jpg?resize=780%2C438&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=1500%2C843&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C450&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1152&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C675&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=1568%2C882&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1568w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=2000%2C1125&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C225&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?w=2340&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2340w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-1500x843.jpg?w=370&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 370w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\"\/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"438\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-1500x843.jpg?resize=780%2C438&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1800971\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=1500%2C843&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C450&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1152&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C675&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=1568%2C882&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1568w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=2000%2C1125&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2000w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C225&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-scaled.jpg?w=2340&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2340w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/tommaso-pecchioli-03nt4WmL1Kk-unsplash-1500x843.jpg?w=370&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Foto de <a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/es\/@pecchio?utm_content=creditCopyText&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_source=unsplash\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tommaso Pecchioli<\/a> en <a href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/es\/fotos\/persona-de-pie-junto-a-las-bolsas-de-equipaje-03nt4WmL1Kk?utm_content=creditCopyText&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_source=unsplash\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Unsplash<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Seg\u00fan <em>The Wall Street Journal<\/em>, la red clandestina que mueve los chips de IA de NVIDIA hacia China utiliza portales de comercio electr\u00f3nico, grupos de chat y p\u00e1ginas amarillas para publicitar sus servicios. <strong>Mientras que introducir el hardware en el gigante asi\u00e1tico es m\u00e1s f\u00e1cil de lo que uno piensa<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Uno de los ejemplos que se menciona es el de un joven chino de 26 a\u00f1os que estaba estudiando en Singapur. Un conocido de la universidad le pidi\u00f3 que llevara 6 chips de NVIDIA hacia China <strong>en su equipaje<\/strong>, por la imposibilidad de importarlos. Como los componentes no eran m\u00e1s grandes que una consola port\u00e1til tipo Nintendo Switch no despertaron sospechas al pasar por la aduana; en tanto que el joven declar\u00f3 haber pagado solo 100 d\u00f3lares por cada uno de ellos.<\/p>\n<p>De esta forma, el sujeto pudo transportar el \u00abcargamento\u00bb sin recibir objeciones y sin violar las leyes de Singapur. Esto se debe a que hoy en d\u00eda la ciudad-Estado no cuenta con restricciones para el traslado de componentes inform\u00e1ticos hacia China. Casos as\u00ed har\u00edan <strong>pr\u00e1cticamente indetectable<\/strong> la evasi\u00f3n al bloqueo impuesto por las autoridades de EE. UU., y se replicar\u00edan desde distintas partes de Asia.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-de-donde-sale-el-hardware\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"De_donde_sale_el_hardware\"><\/span>De d\u00f3nde sale el hardware<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"438\" alt=\"NVIDIA mostrando su chip de IA Blackwell\" class=\"wp-image-1784911 perfmatters-lazy\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-1500x843.jpg?resize=780%2C438&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=1500%2C843&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C450&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1152&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C675&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=1568%2C882&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1568w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C225&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?w=2340&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2340w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-1500x843.jpg?w=370&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 370w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\"\/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"438\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-1500x843.jpg?resize=780%2C438&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"NVIDIA mostrando su chip de IA Blackwell\" class=\"wp-image-1784911\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=1500%2C843&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=800%2C450&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=1536%2C864&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=2048%2C1152&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2048w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=1200%2C675&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=1024%2C576&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=1568%2C882&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1568w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?resize=400%2C225&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-scaled.jpg?w=2340&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 2340w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/huang-blackwell-nvidia-1500x843.jpg?w=370&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/figure>\n<p>La gran pregunta aqu\u00ed es <strong>de d\u00f3nde provienen los chips de IA de NVIDIA que se ingresan a China de forma clandestina<\/strong>. El <em>WSJ <\/em>explica que la empresa estadounidense no le entrega sus GPU y aceleradores a particulares, sino a distintas compa\u00f1\u00edas que se encargan de montar y vender sus servidores y centros de datos. Tales los casos de Super Micro o Dell, por ejemplo.<\/p>\n<p>Y si bien dichas firmas tambi\u00e9n tienen que cumplir con las restricciones a la exportaci\u00f3n de hardware a China, no pueden controlar por completo qu\u00e9 destino tienen sus productos cuando llegan a manos de los compradores o de distribuidores m\u00e1s peque\u00f1os. All\u00ed podr\u00eda existir <strong>una grieta<\/strong> que facilite la filtraci\u00f3n de los componentes.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"scaip scaip-2    \">\n<aside id=\"newspack-ads-widget-53\" class=\"widget_newspack-ads-widget clearfix\"\/>\n<aside id=\"block-134\" class=\"widget_block clearfix\">\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n<\/aside>\n<aside id=\"block-132\" class=\"widget_block clearfix\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<p>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=videoseries\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=videoseries<\/a><noscript><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=videoseries\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=videoseries<\/a><\/noscript>\n<\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<\/aside>\n<p>Tambi\u00e9n se reporta la existencia de un misterioso intermediario conocido como <strong>Hermano Jiang<\/strong>. Desde Singapur, este sujeto mover\u00eda los hilos de la red clandestina de chips de IA de NVIDIA. El susodicho asegura tener contactos en los canales de distribuci\u00f3n de hardware del sudeste de Asia y ayudar a los clientes chinos a obtener lo que buscan, tanto en lo que refiere a comercializaci\u00f3n como a la log\u00edstica del proceso.<\/p>\n<p>El contrabando de chips a China representa una cifra peque\u00f1a en comparaci\u00f3n con las ventas globales de hardware de IA de empresas como NVIDIA. Aun as\u00ed, estar\u00edan ingresando clandestinamente al pa\u00eds asi\u00e1tico <strong>un promedio de 12.500 GPU y aceleradores al a\u00f1o<\/strong>. Una cifra m\u00e1s que suficiente para investigadores o startups que necesitan entrenar modelos de lenguaje. De hecho, se menciona que la Academia China de las Ciencias y la Universidad Tsinghua ser\u00edan de las principales compradoras del hardware de NVIDIA a trav\u00e9s de esta red \u00abno oficial\u00bb.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-china-en-la-busqueda-de-alternativas-a-los-chips-de-ia-de-nvidia\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"China_en_la_busqueda_de_alternativas_a_los_chips_de_IA_de_NVIDIA\"><\/span>China, en la b\u00fasqueda de alternativas a los chips de IA de NVIDIA<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignwide size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"439\" alt=\"Huawei GPU para inteligencia artificial | China\" class=\"wp-image-1753463 perfmatters-lazy\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu-1500x845.jpg?resize=780%2C439&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=1500%2C845&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=800%2C450&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=1536%2C865&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=1200%2C676&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=1024%2C577&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=1568%2C883&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1568w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=400%2C225&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?w=1920&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu-1500x845.jpg?w=370&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 370w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\"\/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"780\" height=\"439\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu-1500x845.jpg?resize=780%2C439&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1\" alt=\"Huawei GPU para inteligencia artificial | China\" class=\"wp-image-1753463\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=1500%2C845&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1500w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=800%2C450&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 800w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=768%2C432&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=1536%2C865&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=1200%2C676&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1200w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=1024%2C577&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=1568%2C883&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1568w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?resize=400%2C225&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 400w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu.jpg?w=1920&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 1920w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/imgs.hipertextual.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu-1500x845.jpg?w=370&amp;quality=55&amp;strip=all&amp;ssl=1 370w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 780px) 100vw, 780px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/figure>\n<p>M\u00e1s all\u00e1 del contrabando de chips de IA de NVIDIA, China ha explorado distintos m\u00e9todos para evadir la prohibici\u00f3n de EE. UU. o mitigar su impacto. <strong>Huawei<\/strong> lleva tiempo trabajando en <a href=\"https:\/\/hipertextual.com\/2023\/08\/huawei-gpu-inteligencia-artificial-nvidia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sus propias GPU<\/a> optimizadas para el entrenamiento de modelos de inteligencia artificial. La compa\u00f1\u00eda ha sido acusada de supuestamente montar <a href=\"https:\/\/hipertextual.com\/2023\/08\/acusan-huawei-montar-red-clandestina-fabrica-chips\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">una red clandestina de f\u00e1bricas de chips<\/a> para eludir el bloqueo de la Casa Blanca.<\/p>\n<p>Otra de las opciones que se ha abordado es algo menos elegante. A comienzos de este a\u00f1o se supo que f\u00e1bricas chinas <a href=\"https:\/\/hipertextual.com\/2024\/01\/china-convierte-tarjetas-rtx-4090-nvidia-aceleradores-ia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">estaban desarmando gr\u00e1ficas RTX 4090<\/a> de NVIDIA para transformarlas en aceleradores de inteligencia artificial.<\/p>\n<p>Tengamos en cuenta que, en un principio, NVIDIA busc\u00f3 alternativas para seguir ofreciendo sus chips de IA en China. La compa\u00f1\u00eda dirigida por Jensen Huang intent\u00f3 saltarse las restricciones de exportaci\u00f3n <a href=\"https:\/\/hipertextual.com\/2022\/11\/nvidia-chips-inteligencia-artificial-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">modificando su hardware para hacerlo menos potente<\/a>. Sin embargo, <a href=\"https:\/\/hipertextual.com\/2023\/06\/nvidia-nuevo-bloqueo-chips-de-ia-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">el truco dur\u00f3 poco tiempo<\/a>. <strong>Gina Raimondo<\/strong>, secretaria de Comercio de Estados Unidos, fue contundente al respecto. \u00abTe digo esto, si redise\u00f1as un chip por debajo del l\u00edmite, lo voy a vetar al d\u00eda siguiente\u00bb, dijo <a href=\"https:\/\/hipertextual.com\/2023\/12\/estados-unidos-advierte-nvidia-vender-chips-inteligencia-artificia-china\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">durante un foro de defensa<\/a> a fines de 2023.<\/p>\n<section id=\"block-25\" class=\"below-content widget widget_block\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-style-default hiper-newsletter-box has-background\" style=\"background:linear-gradient(180deg,rgb(0,23,188) 28%,rgb(0,15,131) 100%);padding-top:15px;padding-right:15px;padding-bottom:15px;padding-left:15px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"has-white-color has-text-color\">Recibe cada ma\u00f1ana nuestra <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/hipertextual.com\/newsletter\" target=\"_blank\">newsletter<\/a>. Una gu\u00eda para entender lo que importa en relaci\u00f3n con la tecnolog\u00eda, la ciencia y la cultura digital.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-mailchimp\" data-blog-id=\"190110665\">\n<p>\nProcesando&#8230; <\/p>\n<p>\n\u00a1Listo! Ya est\u00e1s suscrito <\/p>\n<p>\nHubo un error, actualiza la p\u00e1gina e int\u00e9ntalo nuevamente <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"block-74\" class=\"below-content widget widget_block\">\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"block-71\" class=\"below-content widget widget_block\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading tambien-en-hipertextual\" id=\"h-tambien-en-hipertextual\" style=\"padding-top:0.8em;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tambien_en_Hipertextual\"><\/span>Tambi\u00e9n en Hipertextual:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/section>\n<section id=\"block-32\" class=\"below-content widget widget_block\">\n<nav class=\"jp-relatedposts-i2 jp-related-hipertextual wp-block-jetpack-related-posts has-normal-font-size\" style=\"padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:1.5em;\" data-layout=\"list\" aria-label=\"Entradas relacionadas\"\/><\/section>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/hipertextual.com\/2024\/07\/china-red-clandestina-chips-de-ia-nvidia\" class=\" target=\" title=\"China usa una red clandestina para comprar chips de IA de NVIDIA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ver fuente<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Estados Unidos le ha prohibido a NVIDIA vender sus chips de IA a China bajo el argumento de que podr\u00eda usarlos para fines militares. El bloqueo rige desde 2022 y no afecta solo al gigante verde, sino tambi\u00e9n a AMD y otras firmas del sector. Pero como los de Jensen Huang son los l\u00edderes indiscutidos [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9748,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9747","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tecnologia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9747","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9747"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9747\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9748"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9747"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9747"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/enfoquenoticioso.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9747"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}